Praxis Elementary Education: Three-Subject Bundle – Science (5905) Practice Test

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• Which term describes a highly organized, intense storm system with rotating updrafts?
• What term describes a collection of specialized cells that perform a similar function?
• Which system uses muscles attached to bones to produce movement?
• What term refers to differentiated membrane-bound structures within the cytoplasm?
• Which term describes a force that arises when objects touch each other?
• Vertically formed; producer of most thunderstorms
• Motion with constant speed along a circular path is called?
• What is the process of moving from a solid state to a liquid state?
• Which layer lies at the edge of the atmosphere and contains very few particles?
• Which term describes a collection of millions of stars bound together by gravity?
• Which astronomical object has gravity so strong that not even light can escape from its immediate grasp?
• What era is defined as everything that happened before the Cambrian era?
• Which statement expresses Newton's Second Law?
• Which process decomposes rocks by chemical and physical breakdown in the presence of the atmosphere?
• Which period immediately precedes the Jurassic Period?
• Contain organelles, including a nucleus; almost all larger organisms, including plants and animals, contain this cell
• Microscopic parasites that are unable to reproduce without a host cell are called what?
• Which term describes organisms that get their energy from inorganic compounds, such as sunlight, water, and soil; plants?
• At what temperature do particles have almost no kinetic energy and cannot be cooled further?
• Which law asserts that action and reaction forces are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction?
• Which cloud type is mid-level altitude and may appear as sheets or patches?
• What phenomenon occurs when the Moon passes through Earth's shadow, blocking sunlight?
• A mineral is defined as which of the following?
• Which system acts as the command center and includes the brain and spinal cord?
• The process of using sunlight to convert carbon dioxide into organic compounds
• What term refers to push or pull?
• Which term describes long-term patterns of temperature, precipitation, and wind over extended periods?
• Which system includes the gastrointestinal tract and functions to break down food, absorb nutrients, and eliminate wastes?
• Which gas is a noble gas present at about 0.9% of the Earth's atmosphere?
• Which term describes forces that exist as a result of objects interacting physically in contact?
• Which type of precipitation forms when precipitation melts or refreezes?
• Which rock type is created by underwater sediments in the ocean that are compacted by pressure as the sediment layer builds up?
• Which atmospheric layer is extremely thin, contains a high concentration of ions, and experiences increasing temperature with height?
• Large geographical areas that share similar types of plants, animals, and climate conditions are called what?
• Which process transfers heat through the movement of currents within fluids?
• Which system is the outer protective covering of the body, including skin, hair, and nails?
• Measures and records earthquakes.
• Which statement best describes a liquid?
• Which term refers to the upper part of Earth's atmosphere that encompasses both the Mesosphere and Thermosphere?
• Which concept accounts for observing motion from a moving frame of reference?
• Which era spans from 65 million years ago to the present and is considered the age of new life?
• Which term describes a change from liquid to gas as a result of heating?
• A diploid cell undergoes one round of DNA replication and two rounds of division, forming four haploid gametes. Which process is this?
• Which system is primarily responsible for gas exchange in the lungs?
• What term describes organisms that obtain energy by eating other organisms?
• Which phase of cell division is characterized by chromosomes condensing and becoming visible under light microscopy?
• What is the temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid?
• Which term is based on conditions over a longer period of time?
• Which process involves the breakdown of rocks, soil, and minerals due to exposure to Earth's atmosphere?
• A part of the meteoroid that is not destroyed by entering the atmosphere and eventually reaches the ground?
• Which term best describes organisms that break down dead material and recycle nutrients?
• Which of the following lists a domain in the three-domain system?
• What term describes a naturally occurring mixture of broken rock fragments, clay, and decomposing organic matter?
• Which tissue type forms the protective covering on organ surfaces and lines many cavities?
• Which term describes energy stored that has the potential to be converted into another form?
• Which era comes after the Paleozoic Era?
• Which rock type is formed from molten magma that has cooled below Earth's surface and is often associated with volcanic activity?
• Characterized by coniferous forest, like spruce and fir, and long winters with short dry summers.
• Collection of millions of stars bound together by their own gravity.
• Which tissue contracts to produce movement?
• Which mechanism moves heat through matter from areas of higher temperature to lower temperature?
• All the water on Earth's surface, groundwater, and water in the atmosphere?
• In which atmospheric layer does temperature decrease with height, and where most meteors burn up upon entry?
• Which law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed?
• Which term describes a relationship where one partner benefits and the other is unaffected?
• Which cloud type is a low-level cloud that often covers the sky and brings steady rain?
• The atomic number represents the number of which particles in the nucleus?
• Which cell type would you expect to find chloroplasts in?
• Which term describes a relationship where both partners benefit?
• Which cloud type is low-level and associated with rain?
• Which structure is made for reproduction?
• What are condensed water droplets or ice crystals suspended in the atmosphere that can produce precipitation?
• Which term describes the gravitational force that attracts water in Earth's oceans, causing tides?
• Mass times velocity equals which quantity?
• Which term refers to a group of organs working together to carry out major body functions?
• What term describes a group of organs working together to perform vital body functions?
• Which form of precipitation is formed by strong updrafts within a storm and consists of layered, clumped ice?
• What is defined as the flow of electrons through a conductor?
• Which unit comes after the Paleozoic Era?
• What term describes the combination of two or more compounds to form a solution?
• Consists of trees that lose their leaves each winter; cold winters and hot summers with plenty of rainfall for trees and plants.
• During which period did dinosaurs dominate?
• Which form of energy is stored in the bonds between atoms?
• Which term describes the daily conditions including temperature, precipitation, and wind?
• What geologic process occurs when one tectonic plate moves beneath another as the plates converge?
• Which phase of mitosis involves the separation of sister chromatids and movement of chromosomes toward opposite poles?
• What phenomenon is produced by rapid vibrations and can be reflected off surfaces?
• Which structure controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell?
• Which theory describes the origin of the universe as starting from a hot dense state?
• Which state has no distinct shape or definite volume, with particles in constant motion and farther apart?
• Which eon spans from about 540 million years ago to the present day and includes eras such as the Paleozoic, Cambrian, and Precambrian?
• The last ice age occurred in which period?
• Which term describes precipitation in the form of crystalline water ice?
• Which term describes a substance composed of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded?
• Which layer is the thin, upper portion of the mantle and the outermost crust, composed of cooler, brittle rock?
• Which layer lies below the lithosphere and contains rock that can move slowly over time?
• Which term describes the series of steps in an ecosystem in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten?
• Which term describes the process of communities changing over time?
• Which state takes the shape of its container and has a definite volume, with particles free to move?
• Which subatomic particle orbits the nucleus and carries a negative charge?
• Which term describes a symbiosis in which one organism benefits and the other is neither harmed nor rewarded?
• Which rock type forms when magma cools and solidifies?
• Which term describes the total length of the path traveled between two points, regardless of direction?
• Which law states that when work is done, some energy is lost as heat?
• The sum of protons and neutrons in an atom gives its what?
• Strong, rotating thunderstorms
• What term describes the structure of DNA consisting of two complementary strands wound around each other?
• Which type of plate boundary is associated with subduction?
• Which contains enzymes used in digestion?
• The boundary where moving plates slide past each other, often causing earthquakes.
• Which term describes nonmetal gases at room temperature that usually exist diatomically?
• Which body system consists of glands and tissues that secrete hormones?
• Polar regions and alpine locations with permafrost and tiny plants that grow during the short summer seasons describe which biome?
• Which term describes a measure of energy that is unavailable to do work?
• What term describes the membrane-bound structures within the cytoplasm that perform specialized functions?
• Which term describes elements that are dense, good conductors of electricity and heat, are shiny and malleable, and are solid at room temperature?
• What term describes a network in which electric current travels in a closed loop?
• What is the general term for a device that changes the size or direction of a force to perform work?
• Which process is the movement of weathered material by wind, water, or ice?
• Which term describes organisms that break down other organisms?
• The mass extinction known as the Great Dying is associated with which period?
• What term describes a group of all living organisms interacting with all the nonliving factors of the environment?
• Which concept is related to activation energy?
• Approximately how old is the Earth?
• Which law states that to every action there is an equal and opposite reaction?
• What is the name of the layer outside the Earth's core that is mostly solid and makes up about 70% of Earth's volume?
• Which energy concept is defined as energy stored in chemical bonds?
• Which process produces a heavier nucleus by combining lighter nuclei?
• A fracture between two plates.
• Which organelle is located inside the nucleus and is involved in ribosome production?
• The force that encompasses electricity and magnetism is called?
• Which atmospheric feature is located in the lower part of the stratosphere and absorbs nearly 99% of the sun's ultraviolet light?
• Meiosis results in four haploid gametes from a single diploid cell. Which sequence of options places Meiosis last?
• Which option correctly identifies a haploid cell in this context?
• What term refers to the regulation of a stable internal environment in organisms?
• Which biome has warmer summers than deciduous forests, with less rainfall, and rich soils supporting farming and grazing animals?
• What term refers to preserved remains or traces of ancient life?
• Which rock type forms when existing rocks are subjected to extreme heat and pressure?
• What is the time range of the Archeozoic Eon?
• Which system consists of external genitalia and internal reproductive organs?
• Temperature at which a liquid changes into a solid?
• Which term describes organisms that obtain energy by eating other organisms?
• Which term describes changes in the chemical arrangements of atoms?
• The instrument used to record ground motion during earthquakes.
• Which layer is the outermost, with very few particles?
• Which eon spans roughly 2.5 billion to 540 million years ago and includes the evolution of multicellular organisms and the atmosphere beginning to fill with oxygen?
• What term describes the temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid?
• Which body system uses the kidneys to filter blood to remove waste and toxins?
• The temperature and pressure at which a substance can exist in equilibrium in all three states of matter?
• In plant cells, which organelle stores water and maintains turgor pressure?
• Which system is responsible for gas exchange, including lungs, nose, trachea, bronchi, and diaphragm?
• In which phase do sister chromatids separate and are pulled apart toward opposite poles?
• Which term identifies elements that have a full valence electrons, making them stable and unreactive?
• Which era covers roughly 540 to 250 million years ago and is marked by sea-level fluctuations over the continents?
• What term describes the concept where a substance exists in all three states at a specific temperature and pressure?
• Which cloud type is typically high, thin, and composed of ice crystals?
• What is the term for the part of eukaryotic cell division during which the nucleus divides, with stages prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase?
• Which term describes small units formed when two or more atoms bond together?
• If an atom has 12 protons and 12 neutrons, what is its atomic mass?
• Which term describes the force that keeps the nucleus bound together?
• Which biome is characterized by coniferous forests like spruce and fir, with long winters and short summers?
• Organelles that generate most of the cell's energy; the 'powerhouse' of the cell
• Which cell structure stores food, water, or waste in the cytoplasm of plants and some animals?
• What is the process of taking in oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide called?
• Which organelle produces and assembles ribosomes?
• What term refers to two or more atoms bonded together?
• Which term is the energy of motion?
• Which form of reproduction involves the union of genetic material from two parents, seen in flowering plants and animals?
• In the geologic time scale, which unit is smaller than a period and is used to subdivide into epochs?
• Which process involves the nucleus spontaneously emitting particles such as alpha or beta radiation?
• Which is the final phase of mitosis where nuclear membranes reform around the daughter chromosomes?
• Destructive releases of energy in Earth's crust caused by seismic waves.
• What force holds the nucleus together?
• Which eon contains the eras Paleozoic Era, Cambrian Era, and Precambrian Era?
• Which energy is most directly related to temperature and the random motion of particles?
• Which term describes a material made of two or more substances that are physically combined and not chemically bonded?
• Which term describes one organism benefiting at the expense of another?
• Which tissue type holds everything together and provides the framework for the body?
• Which subatomic particle has no electric charge and is located in the nucleus?
• The process of changing from a solid state to a liquid state is called what?
• What is the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane called?
• Which reproduction involves the fusion of genetic material from two parents?
• Which system uses the kidneys to filter blood to remove nitrogenous waste and retain nutrients such as glucose and amino acids?
• Which description best captures the role of dominant genes in trait expression?
• During which cell division process does the nucleus divide into prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase?
• What term describes the spontaneous emission of particles from an unstable nucleus?
• Which system acts as a protective barrier and regulates temperature and senses touch?
• Which layer of Earth's atmosphere is less dense, has temperature that increases with height, and absorbs most of ultraviolet energy from the sun?
• Which rank is higher: kingdom or species?
• Which form of precipitation is layered and clumped together, formed by strong upward air movement in a storm?
• Energy of motion?
• A low-level cloud that comes in contact with the surface
• Which form of reproduction involves one parent and is the primary form of reproduction for many single-celled organisms and some multicellular organisms?
• What term describes a combination of two or more elements and is named according to the bonds that hold them together?
• Which term describes the upper part of Earth's atmosphere that encompasses both the Mesosphere and Thermosphere?
• Atomic mass is defined as the sum of which particles?
• The process by which a population becomes better suited to its environment, possibly through development of a helpful feature, is called what?
• A resting state during winter when metabolism slows is called what?
• What term describes the lowest possible temperature at which particles have minimal motion?
• Mass extinction caused by a meteor impact, which ended the era of the dinosaurs, occurred at the end of which period?
• Which region includes streams, rivers, ponds, lakes, and wetlands?
• The net force that acts to result in centripetal acceleration is called?
• Which term describes a low-level cloud in contact with the Earth's surface, reducing visibility?
• Which force describes the interactions between subatomic charged particles?
• Which structures are specialized organs that make food through photosynthesis?
• Which subatomic particle makes up the nucleus and carries a positive electric charge?
• Which term refers to the plates of the Earth's lithosphere that move on the mantle?
• Which natural atmospheric light displays occur when charged particles collide with atmospheric gases?
• The attractive force between masses is called?
• Which term describes a relationship where both organisms benefit?
• Which system provides the force for movement and typically attaches to bone?
• What is the rocky outer shell of the planet called?
• Which tissue forms the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves?
• Which table groups elements by similar chemical properties and lists their atomic numbers and symbols?
• Which biome is very dry with little precipitation?
• An opening in the Earth's crust through which molten lava, ash, and gases are ejected; caused by the movement of tectonic plates.
• The six kingdoms of living things include which of the following sets?
• Which term describes anything that takes up space and has mass and has three states: solid, liquid, and gas?
• Which atmospheric layer is nearest Earth's surface where weather occurs and most clouds form?
• Which organelle is primarily involved in energy production for the cell's activities?
• What is the process of communities changing over time called?
• What structures carry the genetic information?
• When a substance changes state from a gas to a solid without first turning into a liquid?
• In which atmospheric layer do most meteors burn up upon entry due to decreasing density?
• Deep ocean trenches are formed at which type of plate boundary?
• Which term describes the process of a gas turning into a liquid when cooled?
• Which term describes organisms that get their energy from other organisms; humans?
• Which region includes oceans, estuaries, coral reefs and has saltwater; very diverse?
• Which nuclear process results when two smaller nuclei fuse to form a heavier nucleus?
• Began 11,000 years ago; represents the phase of human civilization. Which epoch is this?
• Which term describes motion in a circle at constant speed?
• Which term describes animals that have hair and produce milk for their young and give birth to live offspring?
• What term describes the small rocky bodies found primarily in the region between Mars and Jupiter?
• Which type of energy is related to temperature?
• The study of all water on Earth, including its movement and distribution?
• Which layer lies directly below the lithosphere and allows for convection, enabling mantle movement?
• Which cloud type is high-level, formed with ice crystals, white and thin, and not generally associated with precipitation?
• What term describes the trapping of heat in a planet's lower atmosphere?
• Which term describes loose collections of ice, dust, and small rock particles that orbit the solar system and are seen as patches of light with long tails?
• Which pigment is used to absorb light for photosynthesis?
• A change in the traits of organisms over generations is called what?
• Which cells lack a true nucleus and organelles; have a cell wall
• A ball of plasma that shines as a result of fusion in its core; consists of hydrogen and helium.
• What process describes the movement of molecules from high to low concentration?
• Which law states velocity remains constant unless a net external force acts?
• Which concept expresses that energy and mass are interchangeable, as described by E=mc^2?
• Which groups comprise the three domains of life?
• Which term describes a group of gases at room temperature that are inert and exist as single atoms?
• Which term describes the resistance to motion?
• Which term refers to large geographic areas with similar climate and life forms?
• In a solid, how are particles arranged?
• Which term describes being organized according to organisms' role in the food chain?
• Organisms that obtain energy by consuming other organisms are called what?
• The basic unit of matter; made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons is called?
• What term describes a network in which electric current travels in a closed loop?
• During which phase do chromosomes line up in the center of the cell?
• Which statement describes a gas?
• Which mechanism explains how organisms best fitted for their environment survive?
• In the three-domain system, which two domains are prokaryotic?
• What term describes the accumulation of electric charge on an object due to an external field?
• What term refers to records of organisms from the distant past?
• Which term refers to the body system of glands and tissues that secrete hormones?
• Which eon spans from about 3.9 to 2.5 billion years ago and includes the evolution of single-celled organisms?
• What term refers to liquid precipitation that falls from clouds as water droplets?
• Which body system includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood and is responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients throughout the body?
• Which era is the earliest among Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic?
• Which term describes a biome with permafrost and tundra conditions?
• Which energy form is stored in chemical bonds and released during chemical reactions?
• What instrument is used to measure atmospheric pressure?
• What is the force transmitted through a rope or wire when it is pulled tight by forces at each end?
• The energy created by the mitochondria
• What term describes a group of species interacting with each other?
• What are loose collections of ice, dust, and small rock particles that regularly orbit the solar system and are seen as patches of light with long tails?
• Which term describes the jelly-like interior of the cell that contains cytosol and organelles?
• Which term is the energy barrier that must be overcome for a reaction to occur?
• What term describes two complementary strands of nucleotides that coil around each other?
• What is the basic functional unit of all living organisms?
• What is the growth response of a plant toward a light source called?
• Which process uses energy to move material through the cell membrane against a concentration gradient?
• Which tropical biome is warm and wet most of the year?
• Rocks are best described as which of the following?
• The center of the Earth is primarily composed of which materials?
• Each of the changes where matter goes from one state to another is called?
• What is the name of the galaxy that contains our solar system?
• Which term refers to elements that react easily with other substances, are poor conductors, readily accept electrons, and are gaseous at room temperature?
• Which object has gravity so strong that not even light can escape from its grasp?
• Which structure forms the boundary that regulates what enters and leaves the cell?
• Which organelle is primarily responsible for modifying and packaging proteins for secretion?
• Which kingdom is primarily composed of multicellular, photosynthetic organisms with cellulose in their cell walls?
• What term refers to the gradual movement of the continents across the earth's surface?
• What is the science of classifying organisms called?
• Which term describes the energy the system has to do work?
• Collision of continental tectonic plates often results in the formation of which landscape feature?
• Evaporation of water from the leaves of a plant is called?
• Which term describes a collection of specialized cells that perform a similar function?
• Which organelle stores DNA and acts as the control center of the cell?
• A supercontinent.
• Which description refers to the genes that dictate the way a trait is expressed?
• What is incoming solar energy?
• What is the approximate percentage of carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere as listed?
• Which region is home to about 90% of the world's earthquakes?
• Which system protects the body from infections and includes the lymphatic structures such as the spleen, tonsils, thymus, and bone marrow?
• Which quantity describes the straight-line change in position between two points?
• Which interaction governs the attraction or repulsion between charged particles in atoms?
• Which term refers to a large landmass that existed before continents separated?
• Maximum population growth under ideal environmental conditions is known as what?
• The ability to do work?
• Which term refers to systems of different species interacting with each other?
• Which plant tissue is responsible for transporting fluids and nutrients throughout the plant?
• Which region of the atmosphere absorbs nearly 99% of the sun's ultraviolet light?
• Which process describes a solid turning directly into a gas?
• Which phenomenon describes the trapping of heat in a planet's lower atmosphere due to gases that let sunlight in but trap infrared radiation?
• Which term describes the evolutionary process leading to the formation of new species?
• The attractive force between all masses is called?
• Which organelle processes proteins and other macromolecules for secretion?
• The location on the surface directly above an earthquake's starting point.
• Which tissue covers organ surfaces such as skin and lines the digestive system; responsible for protection, secretion, absorption?
• Which feature forms at the boundary between moving tectonic plates and can cause earthquakes?
• Formed by winds on the surface of bodies of water.
• The minimum amount of energy required for reactants to be changed into the product is called?
• A cell with two complete sets of chromosomes is described as what?
• A supercontinent that existed before the continents split.
• Moving from gas to liquid is called?
• What is the flow of electrons through a conductor called?
• Which term describes the principle that the total energy in a closed system remains constant?
• Which tissue type transmits electrical impulses and coordinates activities between tissues?
• What term describes the buildup of electric charge on an object due to an external electric field?
• Areas in the tropics that are warm and wet most of the year describe which biome?
• The formation of new species is known as what?
• What is the basic unit of matter consisting of protons, neutrons, and electrons?
• Which system includes bones, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments and provides structural support?
• Which layer lies between the crust and the outer core?
• Which gas makes up the largest portion of Earth's atmosphere by volume?
• Which state has particles packed close together and fixed positions?
• Which process is a nuclear reaction in which a large nucleus splits into two or more smaller nuclei?
• What type of interaction governs the forces between charged particles in atoms?
• Which type of energy is associated with the movement of electrons?
• Reached when the rates for the forward reaction and reverse reaction are the same?
• A pigment used to absorb light
• Which term describes scientists who study ancient life and fossils to understand the history of life on Earth?
• What event occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, partially or entirely blocking the Sun?
• Which form of energy is associated with the flow of electrons and electrical circuits?
• Which term describes nonmetallic elements with properties in between those of metals and nonmetals, such as semi-conductivity?
• Which term describes the jelly-like substance inside the cell that contains cytosol and organelles?
• Which force is exerted on an object in contact with another stable object?
• What are small, planetlike bodies in orbit around the Sun and found between Mars and Jupiter?
• Which energy molecule is produced by mitochondria used for cellular work?
• What is the name of the table that shows elements with their atomic numbers, symbols, and average atomic masses, and groups elements by similar properties?
• Which term describes membrane-bound structures within a cell that perform specialized functions?
• What phenomenon is produced by vibrations and can be reflected off surfaces?
• What term describes a substance formed when elements combine in fixed proportions?
• Moving from liquid to solid is called?
• Which term refers to changes in the DNA sequence on chromosomes?
• Organelles used to carry out photosynthesis; found only in plant cells or cells of other organisms containing chlorophyll
• Which era spans about 250 to 65 million years ago, during which continents split from Pangaea and climate was very warm?
• What is the term for the time required for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay?
• The displacement divided by elapsed time yields which quantity?
• Which process describes a gas turning directly into a solid?
• What term describes scientists who study prehistoric life on Earth and use fossils to help identify the evolution of life?
• Which landforms are typically formed when continental and oceanic plates collide and push land upward?
• What term describes a device that uses energy to perform work by changing the size or direction of a force?
• Which layer is extremely thin with an abundance of ions, and temperature increases with height?
• Which era is dated about 540 to 500 million years ago and is known for an explosion in life forms?
• Which tool is used to predict the genotypes of offspring from two parents?
• Organelles that are responsible for producing proteins from amino acids
• Which type of genes are expressed only in the absence of a dominant gene?
• Which term best describes a celestial body that shines due to fusion in its core?
• What term describes the temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas?
• Which process moves water across a semipermeable membrane to equalize solute concentrations on both sides?
• Which organelle is the site of protein synthesis from amino acids?
• Which term describes organisms that obtain energy directly from sunlight or inorganic sources?
• Which cloud type is mid-level; may or may not be associated with precipitation?
• A series of waves that have the potential to devastate coastal regions with massive volumes of water and energy.